Hanno's blog

While I got along well with my Thinkpad T61 laptop, for quite some time I had the plan to get a new one soon. It wasn't an easy decision and I looked in detail at the models available in recent months. I finally decided to buy one of Lenovo's Thinkpad X1 Carbon laptops in its 2014 edition. The X1 Carbon was introduced in 2012, however a completely new variant which is very different from the first one was released early 2014. To distinguish it from other models it is the 20A7 model.

Judging from the first days of use I think I made the right decision. I hadn't seen the device before I bought it because it seems rarely shops keep this device in stock. I assume this is due to the relatively high price.

I was a bit worried because Lenovo made some unusual decisions for the keyboard, however having used it for a few days I don't feel that it has any severe downsides. The most unusual thing about it is that it doesn't have normal F1-F12 keys, instead it has what Lenovo calls an adaptive keyboard: A touch sensitive line which can display different kinds of keys. The idea is that different applications can have their own set of special keys there. However, just letting them display the normal F-keys works well and not having "real" keys there doesn't feel like a big disadvantage. Beside that Lenovo removed the Caps lock and placed Pos1/End there, which is a bit unusual but also nothing I worried about. I also hadn't seen any pictures of the German keyboard before I bought the device. The ^/°-key is not where it's used to be (small downside), but the </>/| key is where it belongs(big plus, many laptop vendors get that wrong).

Good things:
* Lightweight, Ultrabook, no unnecessary stuff like CD/DVD drive
* High resolution (2560x1440)
* Hardware is up-to-date (Haswell chipset)

Downsides:
* Due to ultrabook / integrated design easy changing battery, ram or HD
* No SD card reader
* Have some trouble getting used to the touchpad (however there are lots of possibilities to configure it, I assume by playing with it that'll get better)

It used to be the case that people wrote docs how to get all the hardware in a laptop running on Linux which I did my previous laptops. These days this usually boils down to "run a recent Linux distribution with the latest kernels and xorg packages and most things will be fine". However I thought having a central place where I collect relevant information would be nice so I created one again. As usual I'm running Gentoo Linux.

For people who plan to run Linux without a dual boot it may be worth mentioning that there seem to be troublesome errors in earlier versions of the BIOS and the SSD firmware. You may want to update them before removing Windows. On my device they were already up-to-date.

I recently noted that I have never blogged about this nice little device I now own for a couple of years. I originally bought the Toshiba AC100 before a two-month-long trip through Russia and China.

I was looking for a possibility to have a basic laptop, but without much weight. The AC100 is an ARM-based laptop which originally ships with the Android operating system. It weights less than 800 gramms and thus is lighter than the usual subnotebooks. According to my knowledge, it's not produced any more, but it can still be bought on ebay.

The nice thing is: You can install Linux on it and thus it will give you the possibility to run an almost full desktop-system. Though a warning ahead: While basic things work, it is quite a hacky business and you should expect to see problems. If you aren't prepared to solve them, this is probably not the solution for you.

Originally I was running Gentoo Linux on it (and it did well on my two-month trip), but now I'm running Ubuntu. The reason is that it was just too hard to get anything fixed if it didn't work. I rarely could find help anywhere, I assume there are only a handful of people that ever tried installing Gentoo on this Device. Ubuntu up until version 12.10 has reasonable support.

The great thing is: This is probably one of the lightest solutions to have a desktop/laptop-like machine with a real keyboard. Perfect for travelling. As it's running Linux, you can have access to a large number of standard applications. With lightweight apps like Abiword or Claws-Mail you can use basic applications.

The limitations are the Browser and Video. You can run Chromium or Firefox, but the device clearly shows its limits. Expect to wait longer sometimes, don't open too many tabs - and I always have to remember to never try to open Chromium and Firefox at the same time, as this makes the system mostly unusable. Obviously there's no Flash and nothing else that's only available in binary form, because ARM Linux is such a niche OS that nobody will provide binary apps for it.

Videos work, but limited. There's no xv support in the free driver. That means if you want to upscale a video to fullscreen, this has to be done in software and that usually means you cannot play videos fast enough. There's a binary graphics driver by Nvidia (the internals of the device are based on the Nvidia Tegra chipset), but I haven't had much success with it.

Today my new IBM/Lenovo Thinkpad T61 8895WFJ laptop arrived. While my P30 did a good job, it really was time to replace it.

I'm currently in the phase of installing Gentoo and getting used to the device, but I think it was a very good choice.

Beside the fact that Lenovos are probably popular for a reason, the 1400x1050-resolution, the well Linux-supported Intel-graphics and a quite acceptable weight (2,4 kg) were reasons for this model. I'm still in favour of 4:3 screens, because if you wanna have a 16:10 one with a decent resolution (e. g. > 1000 pixels height) they become either very expensive or very heavy. I still wonder why no vendor seems to produce 4:3 screens any more (from my research, not a single Montevina laptop has 4:3).

Some time soon you'll probably find some documentation about Linux on the T61 8895WFJ at http://www.int21.de/t61/.

Ein schönes Spielzeug habe ich heute geschenkt bekommen.

Ich bin ja im Moment ganz froh, dass mein Laptop den Eindruck macht als würde er trotz ein paar Macken und Schrammen noch das ein- oder andere Jährchen überstehen. Ich plane in absehbarer Zeit also keinen Laptopkauf, dennoch bin ich immer neugierig und schau ab und an, was in den Läden so rumsteht.

Müsste ich im Moment einen Laptop kaufen, ich wüsste nicht was tun. Es scheint, als hat sich die gesammelte Welt der Laptophersteller darauf geeinigt, nur noch Widescreen-Laptops zu produzieren. In den allermeisten Fällen auch noch mit Auflösungen, mit denen ich nicht ernsthaft arbeiten will (1200x800 scheint so die Norm zu sein).

Liebe Laptop-Hersteller, wenn ihr das lest: Ich plane in vielleicht ein bis zwei Jahren mir ein neues Laptop anzuschaffen. Wenn Eure Produktpaletten weiterhin so schlecht sind, vielleicht auch erst in drei Jahren. Ich glaub Euch ja, dass es viele Menschen gibt, die gerne Widescreen-Laptops benutzen. Vielleicht sogar die Mehrheit. Ich glaub aber beim besten Willen nicht, dass ich der einzige Mensch auf der Welt bin, der das nicht mag. Ich bin mir ziemlich sicher, für qualitativ hochwertige Laptops mit 15"-Display und brauchbarer 4:3-Auflösung (1400x1050 hat mein momentanes und das finde ich ganz ok) gibt es einen Markt da draußen.

Achja, ceterum censeo vollständige Linux-Kompatibilität und ohne Microsoft-Steuer wär natürlich auch nett.

Recently, I did a bit of »modding« to my homeserver (an old P30 laptop, you may know that if you're regularly reading this blog).

I removed the case, which enabled me to remove some unneeded hardware to save energy. The touchpad, the internal modem and the front LEDs could easily be disconnected. The soundcard and the wireless card could also be removed, but they'll stay. The wlan will become a FreiFunk-node (stupid question: what's the english term for freifunk?). The soundcard makes it a perfect webradio player (and, for their mini-size, the quality of the speakers is quite acceptable).

Beside, the whole system now runs from a memory stick. A HD is still attached, but not used on normal operations. It tended to spin up without a reason, till I noticed that I still had smartd running. Now, the nice thing is, this device is now completely silent as long as I don't use the HD. Even if I run compile processes, the processor fan doesn't run. Seems that enough fresh air is sufficient to cool a Pentium M.

Another attractive feature is that I have three freely usable acpi-buttons, plus the three normal LEDs (caps, num, scroll). 3 LEDs, that makes 8 different LED-status combinations. My plan is now to use the three buttons, have 8 pre-programmed webradio channels and use one button for start/stop, one for switching channels. One is still left for creative purposes, volume control would be obvious, but that doesn't make much sense with one button. An idea would be to use the wlan-button and find a way to disable it's ability to switch the wlan-card on/off (at least a simple/hacky approach would be setting it back on as soon as it's switched off).
But that's not implemented yet, so don't ask for it. I'll publish it as soon as I've done that.

Maybe you've read that I did some coordination on relicensing the old GATOS TV-Out code to make inclusion into the radeon driver possible (gatos was gpl, while xorg uses mit-license).

Now, shortly after that Alex Deucher started implementing tv-out in the randr-1.2-branch of the ati driver based on that code. randr-1.2 is the new and shiny stuff that will make future versions of xorg manage resolutions and output connectors much better. As you can see on the picture, today I played around with the new code and got it working (get Gentoo git-ebuild here).

As a short howto, on some cards (including mine), autodetection of the connector status doesn't work yet. You'll have to manually force the connector:

xrandr --addmode S-video 800x600
xrandr --output S-video --mode 800x600

This is especially exciting as it is the last features of my laptop that was missing for »full linux-compatibility« (some minor issues left, as the cardreader only reads sd at the moment, the modem needs a binary driver).

Da wir ja eh schon bei krassen Laptop-Hacks sind, ich war ja eigentlich mit meinem Laptop noch halbwegs zufrieden, nur die Grafikkarte machte mir etwas sorgen - leider machte Compiz (zumindest mit 32 bpp) nicht so wirklich Spaß. Üblicherweise würde man ja sagen, die Alternative zum Neukauf ist Aufrüsten - dummerweise bekommt man üblicherweise keine neue Hardware für Laptops.

Kürzlich besorgte ich mir über ebay einen defekten Samsung P35 - das Nachfolgemodell zu meinem P30, fast baugleich, jedoch Grafikkarte 9600 (statt 9200) mit r300-Chipsatz - so ziemlich genau das, was man braucht, damit Compiz/AIGLX richtig gut läuft. Das Gerät kam dann letzte Woche, sogar in einigermaßen brauchbarem Zustand - das Gehäuse war an einigen Stellen gebrochen und das Display weitgehend defekt - nur noch das obere, linke Viertel war funktionstüchtig.

Zunächst die WLAN-Karte ausgetauscht (54 MBit statt 11), aber das war ja langweilig. RAM brachte mir leider nicht viel, da beide Geräte zwei vollbestückte RAM-Slots mit je 256 MB haben. Die Grafikkarte war nicht als eigenes Device erkennbar, also musste das Board getauscht werden. Ich war ja schon etwas nervös, immerhin ging es ja um meinen Laptop, der mir gute Dienste leistet und wenn irgendwas schief geht, wären die Reparaturchancen wohl eher gering - aber nachdem das Außeinanderbauen des defekten P35 gut vonstatten ging, traute ich mich auch an meine eigene Hardware.

Somit besitze ich jetzt ein P30 mit den Innereien eines P35 - rein Hardwaremäßig sämtliche Features des P35, obwohl noch P30 draufsteht.

ipw2200-Treiber für's WLAN und r300-Treiber für die Grafik funktionierten auf Anhieb. Damit dürfte der irgendwann anstehende Laptop-Neukauf mangels Leidensdruck um einzige Zeit nach hinten verschoben sein. Und die Reste lassen sich sogar noch zu etwas zusammenbauen, was (mit externem Monitor) ein lauffähigen, extrem stromsparenden PC darstellt.

Eines der interessanteren Modelle der gestrigen Installparty war ein Pentium 75 Notebook, welches sich überschwänglich »Multimedia Notebook Computer« nannte.

Das erste Problem bei einem solchen Gerät ist ja, wie kriegt man da überhaupt Daten drauf. Weder Netzwerk, noch USB, zwar ein integriertes CD-ROM, doch nicht bootfähig. PCMCIA-Netzwerkkarte war auch nicht aufzufinden. Die wohl eher scherzhaft gemeinte Idee, die Festplatte in einen anderen Rechner zu bauen und dort zu installieren, nahm ich beim Wort.

Während der Installparty haben wir dann zwar keine Installation mehr vollbracht, jedoch bot ich an, das Gerät zuhause nochmal genauer unter die Lupe zu nehmen. Nachdem ich wie bereits angedeutet in einem Fremd-Laptop die Festplatte mit einem Debian Etch versehen hatte, der Versuch das ganze zu booten. Schlug fehl, mir fiel auf dass das Kernelimage im Bootmenü ein -686-suffix hatte - Debian erkennt scheinbar automatisch einen neueren Prozessor und installiert ein passendes Kernelimage. Also Platte wieder zurückgebaut, 486-kernel installiert und neu gebootet.

Fährt hoch, X start schlägt wie zu erwarten war fehl (bei gewechselter Hardware). Mit lspci die Hardware betrachtet. Die Grafikkarte war ein Modell von »Chips and Technologies«, was ich zwar noch nie gehört hatte, aber xorg schon. Es existiert ein chips-Treiber, mit dem die Karte dann auch (640x480 bei 16 bpp) lief, zwar mit schwarzen Rändern am Rand, aber immerhin. Das Touchpad war sogar ein Synaptics, Scrolling am Rand funktioniert tadellos. Da jedes moderne Desktop-Environment die Kiste wohl überfordert hätte, musste icewm herhalten.
CD-ROM und Floppy liefen problemlos.

Beim Soundchip musste ich leider passen. Zwar fand ich qua google heraus, dass es sich wohl um einen Opti 930 handelt, das snd-opti93x Modul meldete mir jedoch »no OPTi 82C93x soundcard found«. Möglicherweise mit entsprechenden Parametern für das Kernelmodul lauffähig.

Nun wäre natürlich eine Netzwerkverbindung interessant gewesen. Zwar hatte ich einige PCMCIA-Karten rumliegen, die einzige mit integriertem Anschluss war jedoch eine Cardbus, was unsere alte Hardware nicht verkraftete. Eine D-Link wurde korrekt erkannt und eingebunden, jedoch fehlt mir für diese ein Anschlussteil, der den flachen Stecker in einen Netzwerkstecker konvertiert (die Teile, die immer so schnell kaputtgingen).
Mein letzter Versuch, eine Orinoco WLAN-Karte, führte dann jedoch überraschenderweise zum gewünschten Erfolg. WLAN auf einem Pentium 75, wer kann schon behaupten, sowas schonmal betrieben zu haben? ;-)

Update: Tuxmobil brachte mir noch diese Seite zu dem Laptop.

My laptop has an internal modem I rarely use. Currently it's one of those moments. It is a so-called winmodem that is no real modem, but just a sound device with a splittet driver: An in-kernel alsa one (free) and a proprietary daemon emulating a modem.

I wondered why some tasks that have nothing to do with network were slow as hell. Now, I knew that it just emulates, but I never thought of that:

  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND

30458 root      RT  -6  4384 4384 3588 S 17.3  0.9   8:37.33 slmodemd

Kürzlich in einem der neueren ICE-Modelle gefahren. Als intensiver Laptop-Nutzer suche ich häufig immer erstmal nach eventuell vorhandenen Steckdosen, konnte aber an den üblichen Orten keine finden. Der Zug kam mir jedoch zu modern vor, um keine solchen zu haben.

Sie befinden sich, gut versteckt, unter den Armlehnen (siehe Foto), falls mal jemand in die selbe Situation kommen sollte.

From time to time I recently thought that the day I need to think about a new laptop might not be that far away. It's probably still a year or so I'll use my current one, but I already have my eye a bit on current models and spent some thoughts on it. As always, I think it'll not be a »take the model fitting all my needs, it'll be a »take the lesser evil«.
Some things I'd love to have in my new laptop, if you're working for a laptop-company, maybe you could tell your hardware designers about this post ;-)

1. Make it lightweight.
I carry it around very often. < 2 kg would be fine, 1 kg would be great.

2. No internal CD/DVD.
Recently someone said to me: »Why don't they build laptops without optical drives?« I thought a bit about it and think he was totally right. The CD/DVD-drive is probably one of the most heavy parts of a laptop that could be removed. I (and I think many others) use it very rarely and would have no problem to use an external one when I'm at home. Just deliver a »get external USB-drive cheap«-coupon with it.

3. Ergonomics and usability of keyboard and touchpad.
Okay, I've seen things like putting the </>-Key on the right side much too often. Hey, have you ever thought that people search their keys where they're used to be? I know you can't place a common keyboard on a laptop, but who the hell says that you can place keys whereever you want? I'd like to have the basic part (that is all letters, numbers and char-keys around them) not crippled.
Mouse/touchpad: Just if someone dares to suggest me buying something from that company with the fruit-logo. As I said above, I'm carrying my laptop around very often (that's why I have a laptop). And I want to use it when driving in a train, sitting at some hackers-event I hitchhiked to or things like that. That means I want to use it at places I don't have an external mouse with me. Thus the touchpad should be usable. I'm usually used to have a middle-mouse-button. Now, why have they vanished from most of todays laptops? There were mouse-wheels on laptops some years ago, but today they're very rare (my current one, Samsung P30 has none, although the earlier model, X10, had one).

4. Linux and drivers.
Make a fully Linux-compatible laptop. Hell, is that so hard? I asked around at the linuxtag once, where many laptop-vendors had booths. None could advertise me a model which they claimed »fully linux-supported«.
And with »fully linux-supported« I mean all features and free drivers. No »yeah, the graphics are supported, but 3D is a bit slow and no TV-Out«, no internal »WinModem« that has a free-of-charge-driver supporting 14.4k and a xx €-driver for full-speed, no »we once had a driver for 2.4-kernels, but stopped developing it«. I want to be able to use every device built into that thing I've payed for.

5. Sell it cheaper without windows.
I don't want to pay for things I don't use.

5. Many USB-Ports.
Hey, everything today is USB. USB-sticks, USB-bluetooth-adapter, USB-mouse, USB-keyboard, USB-tabled, USB-camera, USB-joypad, USB-HD. My current model has only 2. I'd need at least 6, better 8.

6. Put some quality speakers in it.
I've heard laptops that were completely unusable for watching movies because their speakers were so bad (my current ones are quite okay).

7. I hope I can still buy something without TPM then.

Could probably think of much more.